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Quanti soggetti arruolare in un trial? (I) Alchimie statistiche per stimare la dimensione del campione

Review

Quanti soggetti arruolare in un trial? (I) Alchimie statistiche per stimare la dimensione del campione
Antonino Cartabellotta

GIMBEnews 2009;3:2-3

Pubblicato: 31 marzo 2009

Copyright: © 2009 Cartabellotta. Questo è un articolo open-access, distribuito con licenza Creative Commons Attribution, che ne consente l’utilizzo, la distribuzione e la riproduzione su qualsiasi supporto esclusivamente per fini non commerciali, a condizione di riportare sempre autore e citazione originale.

Letture introduttive
Glasziou P, Doll H. Was the study big enough? Two "café" rules. ACP J Club 2007;147(3):A8-9.
Schulz KF, Grimes DA. Sample size calculations in randomised trials: mandatory and mystical. Lancet 2005;365:1348-53.
Kirby A, Gebski V, Keech AC. Determining the sample size in a clinical trial. Med J Aust 2002;177:256-7.
Campbell MJ, Julious SA, Altman DG. Estimating sample sizes for binary, ordered categorical, and continuous outcomes in two group comparisons. BMJ 1995;311:1145-8.
Florey CD. Sample size for beginners. BMJ 1993;306:1181-4.
Approfondimenti
Guyatt GH, Mills EJ, Elbourne D. In the era of systematic reviews, does the size of an individual trial still matter. PLoS Med 2008;5:e4.
Chan AW, Hróbjartsson A, Jørgensen KJ, et al. Discrepancies in sample size calculations and data analyses reported in randomised trials: comparison of publications with protocols. BMJ 2008;337:a2299.
Halpern SD, Karlawish JH, Berlin JA. The continuing unethical conduct of underpowered clinical trials. JAMA 2002; 288:358–62.
Stenning SP, Parmar MK. Designing randomised trials: both large and small trials are needed. Ann Oncol 2002;13(Suppl 4):131-8.
Edwards SJ, Lilford RJ, Braunholtz D, et al. Why “underpowered” trials are not necessarily unethical. Lancet 1997;350:804-7.
Moher D, Dulberg CS, Wells GA. Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1994;272:122-4.
Software
PS Power and Sample Size Calculations. Version 3.0, January 2009. Disponibile a: http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/twiki/bin/view/Main/PowerSampleSize